Ben Shneidermann’s 8 Golden Rules of Interface Design

Ben Shneidermann的界面设计8条黄金法则

Strive for consistency

力求一致性

Consistency is critical to maintaining uniformity throughout the site, whether it’s the layout, the size of the button, the color code, or the tone used when writing the page. Consistency will enable you to establish your identity and stop users from abandoning your site.
一致性对于保持整个网站的一致性至关重要，无论是布局、按钮大小、颜色代码还是编写页面时使用的语气。一致性将使您能够建立您的身份并阻止用户放弃您的网站。

Enable frequent users to use shortcuts

确保高频用户能够使用快捷方式

Think about allowing your users to access all areas of your website with a few clicks. To accomplish this, you should create a good hierarchy in the menu and make things clear. Consider including features for both advanced and novice users, such as keyboard shortcuts or macro-capabilities.

Offer informative feedback

提供信息反馈

If your users have completed or are completing activities on your website, it is best to provide feedback as soon as possible so that they can understand where they are in the system.

Design dialog to yield closure

设计对话框以产生关闭

All interactions must have a beginning, middle and end. Once a task is completed, maybe give your users some peace of mind by providing them with informative feedback and well-defined choices for the next step, if applicable. Don’t keep them guessing! 所有的互动都必须有开始、中间和结束。任务完成后，可以通过向用户提供信息丰富的反馈和明确的下一步选择（如果适用）来让他们安心。别让他们猜测！

Offer simple error handling

提供简单的错误处理

An interface should be designed to eliminate as many errors as possible. If something goes wrong, the system should make it simple for users to understand and resolve the problem. A good idea is to display clear error notifications and descriptive hints to resolve the problem. These are examples of simple ways to deal with system errors.

Permit easy reversal of actions

允许轻松逆转操作

Finding that there is an “undo” option after making a mistake is a huge relief. Your users should feel less anxious and more likely to explore options if they know there is a simple way to undo any mistakes. This rule applies to any action, sequence of steps or data entry in your system. This can range from a single button to a complete set of actions.

Support internal locus of control

支持内部控制点

It is essential to give your users control and freedom so that they feel in control of the system instead of the other way around. As the designer, try to avoid surprises, interruptions and anything that the users didn’t request. Users should be the ones who initiate actions.

Reduce short-term memory load

减少短期记忆负荷

As users, our attention span may be limited, so anything you can do to make your users’ jobs easier is a win-win situation. Your users may prefer to recognize information rather than recall it. Try to keep interfaces simple and consistent and keep to patterns, standards and conventions. This may contribute to better recognition and ease of use. Depending on your users’ objectives, you can add various features to help them. In an e-commerce setting, for example, a list of recently viewed or purchased items can be presented.
作为用户，我们的注意力范围可能有限，因此您可以采取任何措施来简化用户的工作都是双赢的局面。您的用户可能更喜欢识别信息而不是回忆信息。尽量保持界面简单一致，并遵守模式、标准和惯例。这可能有助于提高识别度和易用性。根据用户的目标，您可以添加各种功能来帮助他们。例如，在电子商务设置中，可以显示最近查看或购买的项目列表。

Final thoughts

结语

While heuristic-based decisions can be taken lightly, adhering to a set of rules and guidelines helps to point you in the right direction and allow you to identify significant usability issues early in the design process. These guidelines apply to most user interfaces. You can take inspiration from these examples to develop your own set of heuristics, or you can combine them to solve your own design problems.
虽然基于启发式的决策可以轻率地做出，但遵守一组规则和准则有助于为您指明正确的方向，并允许您在设计过程的早期识别重要的可用性问题。这些准则适用于大多数用户界面。您可以从这些示例中获取灵感来开发自己的启发式方法集，也可以将它们组合在一起来解决自己的设计问题。

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Ben Shneidermann 8 Golden Rules of Interface Design